Perfunctory
hardNegative toneper-FUNGK-tuh-ree
adjective
Definition
Carried out with a minimum of effort or reflection
Memory hook
PER-FUNK-tory: Going through the motions without any FUNK (spirit) -- halfhearted and mechanical.
Word roots
Learning roots unlocks whole word families. Study common GRE root words.
Examples
“His perfunctory apology lacked sincerity.”
“She gave a perfunctory response to avoid further discussion.”
Test yourself
Fill in the blank with the right word:
“His ______ apology lacked sincerity.”
Show answer
perfunctory
Synonyms
Antonyms
Categories
GRE Tip
Perfunctory is a hard-difficulty GRE word. On the GRE, you might see it paired with synonyms like "cursory" or "superficial" in Sentence Equivalence questions. Look for contrast clues (however, despite, although) that signal the opposite meaning. Words like "thorough".
Related GRE Words
cursory
Hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed
frivolous
Lacking seriousness or importance; trivial or unworthy of consideration
remiss
Lacking care or attention to duty; negligent
superficial
Existing or occurring at or on the surface; not thorough or deep
negligent
Failing to take proper care in doing something
reckless
Heedless of danger or consequences; careless
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